Pretérito indefinido: Regular Verbs
Pretérito indefinido: Verbos regulares • A2 • 12 tarjetas
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Introduction to Pretérito Indefinido
What is the Pretérito Indefinido (Simple Past) used for?
📌 Nota gramatical
The pretérito indefinido (also called pretérito perfecto simple) is used to express completed actions at a specific moment in the past. These actions are viewed as finished events with a definite beginning and end.
Ejemplo
Regular -AR Verbs: Overview and Endings
What are the personal endings for regular -AR verbs in the past?
📌 Nota gramatical
To conjugate regular -AR verbs in the pretérito indefinido, remove the -ar ending and add: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron. Note that the first person singular (-é) and third person singular (-ó) carry written accent marks.
Ejemplo
Regular -ER and -IR Verbs: Shared Endings
What are the personal endings for regular -ER and -IR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
Regular -ER and -IR verbs share the exact same set of endings in the pretérito indefinido: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron. The first and third person singular also require written accents (-í, -ió).
Ejemplo
First Person Singular: -AR Verbs (-é)
How do you conjugate the 'yo' form for regular -AR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The 'yo' form ends in -é with an acute accent. For example, 'bailar' becomes 'bailé'. The accent is crucial to distinguish it from the present tense 'bailo' (depending on the person) or 'baile'.
Ejemplo
Second Person Singular: -AR Verbs (-aste)
How do you conjugate the 'tú' form for regular -AR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The 'tú' form adds '-aste' to the verb stem. There is no written accent on this ending. It applies to all regular -AR verbs without exception.
Ejemplo
Third Person Singular: -AR Verbs (-ó)
How do you conjugate él, ella, usted for regular -AR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The third-person singular takes the ending '-ó' with a strong accent. This clearly distinguishes 'él habló' (he spoke) from 'él habla' (he speaks).
Ejemplo
First and Second Person Plural: -AR Verbs (-amos, -asteis)
How do you form nosotros and vosotros for regular -AR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The 'nosotros' form (-amos) is identical to the present tense form for -AR verbs. Context (time markers like 'ayer') tells you it is past. The 'vosotros' form is '-asteis'.
Ejemplo
Third Person Plural: -AR Verbs (-aron)
How do you conjugate ellos, ellas, ustedes for regular -AR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The third-person plural ending is '-aron'. There is no accent mark on this ending. Note the final 'n' indicating plural.
Ejemplo
First Person Singular: -ER and -IR Verbs (-í)
How do you conjugate the 'yo' form for regular -ER and -IR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The 'yo' form for both -ER and -IR verbs is '-í' with an acute accent. For example, 'beber' becomes 'bebí' and 'escribir' becomes 'escribí'.
Ejemplo
Third Person Singular: -ER and -IR Verbs (-ió)
How do you conjugate él, ella, usted for regular -ER/-IR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The third-person singular for regular -ER and -IR verbs is '-ió' with a written accent on the 'ó'. This applies uniformly to all regular verbs of these two conjugations.
Ejemplo
Plural Forms: -ER and -IR Verbs (-imos, -isteis, -ieron)
What are the plural endings for regular -ER and -IR verbs?
📌 Nota gramatical
The plural endings are '-imos' (nosotros), '-isteis' (vosotros), and '-ieron' (ellos/ellas/ustedes). Note that '-imos' is identical to the present tense 'nosotros' form for -IR verbs.
Ejemplo
Time Markers for Pretérito Indefinido
What common time expressions trigger the pretérito indefinido?
📌 Nota gramatical
Words and phrases that indicate a specific, completed point in time trigger the indefinido. Common examples include: 'ayer' (yesterday), 'anoche' (last night), 'el año pasado' (last year), 'el lunes pasado' (last Monday), and 'anteayer' (day before yesterday).
Ejemplo
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