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Frases de ejemplo
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abogado
lawyer
📌 Nota gramatical
The feminine form is 'la abogada' (los/las abogados/abogadas).
Ejemplo
juicio
trial
📌 Nota gramatical
Used commonly with verbs like 'celebrar' (to hold a trial) or 'perder/ganar' (to lose/win).
Ejemplo
delito
crime
📌 Nota gramatical
Distinguish from 'crimen', which usually implies a violent or heinous offense.
Ejemplo
sentencia
sentence / verdict
📌 Nota gramatical
Combines with verbs like 'emitir' or 'dictar' (to deliver a verdict/sentence).
Ejemplo
acusado
defendant / accused
📌 Nota gramatical
Functions as a noun derived from the past participle of 'acusar'.
Ejemplo
testigo
witness
📌 Nota gramatical
Invariable for gender when referring to the person, though 'la testigo' is increasingly accepted alongside 'el testigo'.
Ejemplo
multa
fine
📌 Nota gramatical
Common collocations include 'imponer una multa' or 'pagar una multa'.
Ejemplo
ley
law
📌 Nota gramatical
Plural changes spelling slightly to maintain sound: 'ley' becomes 'leyes'.
Ejemplo
fiscal
prosecutor
📌 Nota gramatical
Refers to the public prosecutor representing the state in criminal proceedings.
Ejemplo
prueba
evidence / proof
📌 Nota gramatical
Often used in plural ('pruebas') when referring to pieces of evidence in a case.
Ejemplo
tribunal
court / tribunal
📌 Nota gramatical
Refers to a court of law or panel of judges.
Ejemplo
denuncia
complaint / police report
📌 Nota gramatical
Pair with the verb 'presentar' or 'interponer' to mean 'to file a report'.
Ejemplo
delito menor
misdemeanor / minor offense
📌 Nota gramatical
Compound expression combining the noun 'delito' with the adjective 'menor'.
Ejemplo
condena
prison sentence / conviction
📌 Nota gramatical
Derived from the verb 'condenar' (to condemn/sentence).
Ejemplo
indemnización
compensation / damages
📌 Nota gramatical
Commonly used in labor law and civil lawsuits regarding damages.
Ejemplo
demandar
to sue
📌 Nota gramatical
Directly followed by the direct object (the person or entity being sued) without preposition.
Ejemplo
absolver
to acquit
📌 Nota gramatical
Irregular verb (stem-changing o > ue in present: absuelvo, absuelves...).
Ejemplo
condenar
to sentence / to convict
📌 Nota gramatical
Followed by the preposition 'a' before the specific punishment.
Ejemplo
detener
to arrest
📌 Nota gramatical
Conjugated like 'tener'. Synonym of 'arrestar' (more common in Latin America).
Ejemplo
culpable
guilty
📌 Nota gramatical
Adjective with ending in -e that does not change for masculine/feminine singular.
Ejemplo
inocente
innocent
📌 Nota gramatical
Like 'culpable', remains the same for both masculine and feminine singular nouns.
Ejemplo
ilegal
illegal
📌 Nota gramatical
Antonym of 'legal'. Uniform adjective ending in -l.
Ejemplo
jurídico
legal / juridical
📌 Nota gramatical
Feminine form is 'jurídica'. Refers specifically to matters of law and jurisprudence.
Ejemplo
estar bajo sospecha
to be under suspicion
📌 Nota gramatical
Idiomatic expression combining the verb 'estar' with the prepositional phrase 'bajo sospecha'.
Ejemplo
respetar la ley
to uphold the law / to respect the law
📌 Nota gramatical
Standard collocation combining the verb 'respetar' with the noun phrase 'la ley'.
Ejemplo
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