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Exemples
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investir
to invest
📌 Note de grammaire
Second group (-ir), auxiliary 'avoir'. Regular conjugation model for verbs like finir.
Exemple
Il est conseillé d'investir dans des projets durables pour l'avenir.
It is advised to invest in sustainable projects for the future.
emprunter
to borrow
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Takes a direct object or preposition 'à'.
Exemple
Beaucoup de jeunes ménages empruntent pour acheter leur premier logement.
Many young households borrow to buy their first home.
prêter
to lend
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Often used with 'à' for the recipient.
Exemple
La banque refuse de prêter de l'argent sans garanties solides.
The bank refuses to lend money without solid guarantees.
gérer
to manage / to run
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er) with a spelling change (è instead of é before a mute e), auxiliary 'avoir'.
Exemple
Elle gère un portefeuille d'actifs de plusieurs millions d'euros.
She manages an asset portfolio worth several million euros.
épargner
to save (money)
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Reflexive form 's'épargner' means to spare oneself.
Exemple
Les ménages français ont tendance à épargner davantage en cas d'incertitude.
French households tend to save more in case of uncertainty.
rentabiliser
to make profitable / to pay for itself
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Often used in corporate strategy contexts.
Exemple
Cette nouvelle machine permettra de rentabiliser la production plus rapidement.
This new machine will make production profitable more quickly.
bénéficier
to benefit / to profit
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Takes the preposition 'de' (bénéficier de).
Exemple
Les petites entreprises peuvent bénéficier d'aides financières exceptionnelles.
Small businesses can benefit from exceptional financial aid.
financer
to finance / to fund
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er) with a cedilla (ç) before 'a' and 'o' to maintain soft c sound, auxiliary 'avoir'.
Exemple
La banque a refusé de financer leur projet de développement.
The bank refused to fund their development project.
subventionner
to subsidize
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Common in public economics and state aid contexts.
Exemple
L'État cherche à subventionner la transition écologique des entreprises.
The state seeks to subsidize the ecological transition of businesses.
fluctuer
to fluctuate
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir' (sometimes 'être' in literary contexts, but 'avoir' is standard for business).
Exemple
Les prix du pétrole ne cessent de fluctuer sur les marchés mondiaux.
Oil prices keep fluctuating on world markets.
thésauriser
to hoard / to stash away money
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Refers to keeping money out of circulation.
Exemple
En temps de crise, certains particuliers préfèrent thésauriser plutôt que consommer.
In times of crisis, some individuals prefer to hoard money rather than consume.
déprécier
to depreciate / to lose value
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er). Can be used transitively ('déprécier une monnaie') or pronominally ('se déprécier'). Auxiliary 'avoir'.
Exemple
La monnaie locale s'est dépréciée face au dollar au cours du trimestre.
The local currency depreciated against the dollar during the quarter.
taxer
to tax
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Frequent in fiscal policy and taxation discussions.
Exemple
Le gouvernement envisage de taxer davantage les transactions financières.
The government is considering taxing financial transactions more heavily.
solvabiliser
to make solvent / to provide purchasing power to
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Specialized economic term referring to aiding consumers/borrowers.
Exemple
Des aides publiques visent à solvabiliser la demande sur le marché immobilier.
Public aid aims to make demand solvent in the real estate market.
externaliser
to outsource
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Common in corporate business models.
Exemple
Pour réduire leurs coûts, plusieurs grandes entreprises choisissent d'externaliser leur service client.
To reduce their costs, several large companies choose to outsource their customer service.
spéculer
to speculate
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Often used with 'sur' (spéculer sur).
Exemple
Certains investisseurs n'hésitent pas à spéculer sur la baisse des marchés.
Some investors do not hesitate to speculate on the decline of the markets.
redresser
to turn around / to recover (an economy or company)
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Often used reflexively 'se redresser' for recovery.
Exemple
Le nouveau directeur général a réussi à redresser les comptes de la société.
The new CEO successfully turned around the company's accounts.
comptabiliser
to record / to log / to account for
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Standard bookkeeping term.
Exemple
Le service financier doit comptabiliser toutes les factures avant la fin du mois.
The finance department must record all invoices before the end of the month.
croître
to grow / to increase
📌 Note de grammaire
Third group irregular (-re with circumflex on î in certain forms), auxiliary 'avoir' or 'être' (usually 'avoir' for economic growth, 'être' for physical growth). Past participle: croît / crû.
Exemple
Le chiffre d'affaires de l'entreprise a su croître malgré un marché difficile.
The company's turnover managed to grow despite a difficult market.
restructurer
to restructure
📌 Note de grammaire
First group (-er), auxiliary 'avoir'. Often used in corporate restructuring contexts.
Exemple
Le groupe a dû restructurer sa dette pour éviter la faillite.
The group had to restructure its debt to avoid bankruptcy.
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