Conditional Sentences with se

📌 Nota gramatical

Used for general truths, scientific facts, or habitual actions that always happen under certain conditions. Both clauses use the present indicative.

📌 Nota gramatical

Used when talking about a likely or possible future action that depends on a condition in the present. The 'se' clause uses the present indicative, and the main clause uses the future indicative.

📌 Nota gramatical

Used to give instructions, advice, or commands based on a present condition. The condition is in the present indicative, while the main clause is an imperative command.

📌 Nota gramatical

Used for unlikely, hypothetical, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The 'se' clause uses the imperfect subjunctive, and the main clause uses the conditional.

📌 Nota gramatical

Used for impossible conditions in the past—things that didn't happen and cannot be changed. The 'se' clause uses the pluperfect subjunctive (tivesse + past participle), and the main clause uses the compound conditional (teria + past participle).

📌 Nota gramatical

A very common structure in European Portuguese for events that may or may not happen in the future. The 'se' clause requires the future subjunctive, unlike English which uses the present tense.

📌 Nota gramatical

Conditional sentences can be inverted: the 'se' clause can come first or second. When the 'se' clause comes first, a comma is usually required before the main clause.

📌 Nota gramatical

Adding 'acaso' after 'se' emphasizes uncertainty or coincidence ('by any chance', 'if by chance'). It is followed by the future subjunctive or imperfect subjunctive.

📌 Nota gramatical

'Caso' means 'in case' and always requires the subjunctive mood (present subjunctive for future possibilities, imperfect subjunctive for past/hypothetical ones). It replaces 'se' when emphasizing precaution.

📌 Nota gramatical

'A não ser que' translates to 'unless' and introduces an exception to a condition. It is always followed by the subjunctive mood.

📌 Nota gramatical

Expressions like 'contanto que' and 'desde que' mean 'provided that' or 'as long as' and impose a strict condition for something else to happen. They take the subjunctive mood.

📌 Nota gramatical

'Nem que' means 'even if' and expresses an extreme condition or strong resistance. It is invariably followed by the imperfect subjunctive or pluperfect subjunctive.